Tropical fish diseases

Tropical fish diseases.

Tropical fish diseases are caused by bacterial, viral, fungal or parasitic infections. Most of the tropical ornamental fish have their origins from tropical regions of the world.
They require tropical conditions in the aquarium for survival and proper growth. The warm tropical conditions we provide in the ornamental tank also help the rapid growth of infective organisms.

Tropical fish become susceptible to infections when there is sudden environmental changes, sharp temperature fluctuations, overcrowding, buildup of organic waste, oxygen depletion, physical injuries and stress. There are literally hundreds of infections that can affect the health of aquatic pets. If the new tropical fish is not properly acclimatized before release into the aquarium tank, it may suffer tremendous stress and easily contract infections.

The aquarium hobbyist has an important activity to do at least twice in a day. He should look out for odd behavior and appearance of fish. There are many signs of tropical infections. Altered or decreased activity is the first sign that your pet is not doing well. The signs and symptoms to look for are:
  • Darting movements
  • Lethargy
  • Not taking feed
  • Stay continuously at the top
  • Gasping for air
  • Remain in the bottom
  • Clamped fins
  • Flashing movement
  • Rubbing or glancing on objects
  • Lesions and ulcers
  • Unusual spots on the skin
  • Loose scales
  • Raised scales
  • Open operculum
  • Loss of skin color
  • Cloudy eyes
  • Bloated stomach
  • Floating upside down
  • Bleeding fins
  • Frayed fins
  • Truncated fins
  • Visible anchor worms or lice
  • List of parasitic tropical fish diseases

    • White spot disease (ich or ick)
    • Velvet
    • Hole in the head
    • Neon tetra disease
    • Anchor worm
    • Lice
    • Gill flukes
    • Skin flukes
    • Worms
    • Ichthyobodo (costia)
    • Tetrahymena
    Ichthyophthirius multifiliis - Tropical white spot disease (ich or ick) - protozoa
    Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (protozoan ectoparasite)
    1.Tropical freshwater white spot disease (ich or ick)
    Cryptocaryon irritans - marine tropical ich
    2.Cryptocaryon irritans - marine tropical ich

    List of tropical bacterial diseases

    • Fin rot
    • Pop-eye disease
    • Cloudy eye
    • Piscine tuberculosis
    • Dropsy
    • Hemorrhagic septicemia
    • Columnaris
    • Myxobacteriosis
    • Vibriosis
    • Yersiniosis
    Fish fungus
    • Cotton Wool Disease
    Virus
    • Lymphocystis
    • Viral hemorrhagic septicemia
    Cancers and tumors

    Swim bladder disease
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    Inappropriate water conditions and environmental factors

    • Insufficient aeration
    • Water pH
    • Water hardness
    • Water temperature
    • Ammonia poisoning
    • Malnutrition

    Quarantine tanks to control infections

    Every newcomer to the tropical aquarium tank must be kept in a quarantine tank for a few days before adding it the existing tank with conditioned pets. Especially as marine species pass through collectors, wholesalers and retailers, the specimen will be under stress. There is every possibility that they are already infected with harmful organisms. In the quarantine tank they must be observed and appropriate treatment may be given if they are infected.
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    Treatments

    Most of the tropical protozoan infections can controlled by improving sanitation, frequent water exchange and removing the organic wastes in the aquarium. Salt, formalin, potassium permanganate, chloroquine, metronidazole or copper sulfate dip may be done as treatment. For marine species decreasing the salinity may help.

    Tropical bacterial diseases can treated with appropriate antibiotics given as a dip or mixed with food if the pet is feeding. The effect of the antibiotic on other invertebrate pets may be considered before treatment.
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    Tropical fungal infections occur due high organic load, improper temperature, excessive use of chemicals, poor sanitation in the aquarium tanks. Treatment with potassium permanganate, formalin, or hydrogen peroxide is often adequate to control external fungus.
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    1.Image source:
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ichthyophthiriose.JPG
    2.Image source:
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Cryptocaryan_irritans.jpeg
    Author: Jbinfla1963 | License: CC BY-SA 3.0
    Current topic in ornamental aquarium: Tropical fish diseases.

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